Analyzing the Interplay between Energy Consumption and Military Expenditure: A Comparative Study of Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Pakistan

Abstract

This study examines the complex link between energy consumption and defense expenditures in Azerbaijan, Turkey and Pakistan. Policymakers and stakeholders in these nations must understand the intricate interdependencies between energy consumption and defence expenditure. The study's conclusions help create energy and defence strategies that balance national security and sustainability. It also advances scholarly discussion on energy, security, and international affairs. This study compares energy usage and defence spending in Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Pakistan. It offers a foundation for informed decision-making and future study in this field by revealing the complex relationships between these two aspects. The impacts of defence expenditures and causality analyses of oil and natural gas usage between the years 1992 and 2021 are investigated as part of the scope of this research. According to the results, it has been found that there is no link between defence expenditures and the consumption of oil and natural gas within the context of the Azerbaijani economy. This conclusion was reached based on the findings of the investigation. On the other hand, it has been shown that the utilisation of natural gas is the driving force behind the use of oil. When Turkey and Pakistan are compared, there is no correlation between their military spending, the amount of oil they use, and the amount of natural gas they utilise.